Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes and Coutinho, 1939) has been considered as a complex of cryptic species, and some of the populations of this complex plays an important role in the transmission of Leishmania spp. in Brazil. The present study reports the biological aspects concerning the productivity out of eggs and the development time of the descendants of females obtained in Dourados municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state. The females were captured with modified electric aspirators, fed in hamsters and further individualized in containers for breeding. At the insectary, temperature and relative humidity were maintained on average of 24.5 °C and 67.3%, respectively. From 944 females 3737 eggs were obtained, 748 (20.0%) evolved to the stage of larvae, and 93 (12.4%) of these reached adult stage. The life cycle lasted 80.6 days and the last larval instar was the longest. The use of a higher protein diet revealed a significant improvement in larval development.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o planejamento, processo produtivo, distribuição e adequação nutricional do cardápio da refeição principal ofertada em escolas municipais. MÉTODOS: Este estudo descritivo transversal, realizado de março de 2011 a abril de 2012, utilizou uma amostra representativa (n = 42 escolas) das escolas municipais integradas de Belo Horizonte, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram coletados randomicamente cinco cardápios da refeição principal de cada escola para análise por meio da pesagem direta. Realizou-se avaliação dos índices de produção e da adequação nutricional ao planejamento da Secretaria Municipal Adjunta de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional e às recomendações do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar. RESULTADOS: A análise revelou 79% de alteração dos cardápios servidos em relação aoscardápios planejados por nutricionistas da Secretaria Municipal Adjunta de Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Foram observados valores aceitáveis para resto-ingestão (4,90%) e índices elevados de sobras limpa (7,06%) e suja (5,30%). Foram verificadas inadequações nutricionais tanto nos cardápios planejados quanto nos cardápios consumidos nas escolas municipais em termos do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, principalmente para a faixa etária de 11 a 15 anos. Identificou-se relação da porção consumida pelos funcionários da escola com a quantidade produzida de alimentos (r = 0,353; P < 0,001) e a sobra limpa (r = 0,138; P = 0,046). Ademais, houve correlação significativa proporcional de resto-ingestão com sobra suja (r = 0,145; P = 0,035) e inversamente proporcional com consumo de fibras (r = -0,143; P = 0,038). CONCLUSIONES: Evidencia-se a importância do acompanhamento da elaboração, preparo e distribuição da alimentação escolar, assim como da educação alimentar e nutricional, no intuito de melhorar a oferta e consumo alimentar das crianças e reduzir o desperdício no ambiente escolar.

OBJETIVE: To evaluate the planning, production, distribution, and nutritional adequacy of meals served at city schools. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2011 and April 2012 and included a representative sample (n = 42 schools) of extended shift city schools from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Five meals from each school were randomly selected and analyzed by direct weighing. Production indicators and nutritional adequacy were evaluated in contrast to the recommendations of the city food security bureau and the Brazilian National Program of School Meals (PNAE). RESULTS: Seventy-nine percent of the analyzed meals did not meet the recommendations of the city food security bureau. The rate of waste (food left on plates) was acceptable at 4,90%, but the rates of cooked and not served food (7,06%) and counter leftovers (5,30%) were high. Both the city planned meals and the meals served in the schools were nutritionally inadequate in terms of the PNAE, particularly for children aged 11-15 years. There was a relationship between consumption by school staff and the amount of food that was cooked (r = 0.353; P < 0.001) and the rate of cooked and not served food (r = 0.138; P = 0.045). Waste was positively correlated with the rate of counter leftovers (r = 0.145; P = 0.035), and inversely correlated with fiber intake (r = -0.143; P = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate the importance of monitoring the planning, production, and distribution of school meals and of food and nutrition education in order to improve the quality of food and to reduce waste in schools.

Pacientes após Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) podem apresentar sintomas otoneurológicos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a função vestibular de pacientes com antecedente pessoal de AVC no território carotídeo. Desenho científico: estudo de coorte histórica com corte transversal. MÉTODO: Quarenta pacientes foram submetidos à anamnese, exame otorrinolaringológico, Dizziness Handicap Inventory e vectoeletronistagmografia. RESULTADOS: Anormalidades discretas dos movimentos sacádicos foram encontradas em 20 pacientes (50,0%); nove referiram desequilíbrio e um tontura. O ganho do rastreio pendular foi anormal em 17 casos (42,5%); seis referiram desequilíbrio e um tontura. Preponderância direcional anormal do nistagmoperrotatório ocorreu em dois casos (5,0%), que referiram desequilíbrio. A prova calórica identificou três casos (7,5%) com predomínio labiríntico anormal e dois (5,0%) com preponderância direcional anormal do nistagmo; os cinco casos relataram desequilíbrio. Dos 11 pacientes que não referiram manifestações de alteração do equilíbrio corporal, 10 apresentaram alterações nos movimentos sacádicos e no rastreio pendular e um apresentou exame vestibular normal. CONCLUSÃO: Pacientes com antecedente pessoal de AVC no território carotídeo podem apresentar tontura ou desequilíbrio corporal e sinais de comprometimento da motilidade ocular e da função vestibular.

Stroke patients may present otoneurological symptoms. OBJECTIVE: To assess the vestibular function of subjects with a history of carotid territory stroke. METHOD: This historical cohort cross sectional study enrolled 40 patients; subjects answered the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, were interviewed and submitted to ENT examination and vectorelectronystagmography. RESULTS: Mild saccadic movement anomalies were seen in 20 patients (50.0%); nine complained of imbalance and dizziness. Abnormal smooth pursuit gain was seen in 17 cases (42.5%); six subjects reported imbalance and one complained of dizziness. Abnormal directional preponderance during rotational nystagmus was seen in two cases (5.0%), who also reported imbalance. Three patients (7.5%) and two subjects (5.0%) were found to have abnormal labyrinthine predominance and abnormal nystagmus directional preponderance respectively; all five individuals reported imbalance. Ten of the 11 patients without complaints of disordered balance had altered saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements, while one had unaltered vestibular function. CONCLUSION: Patients with a history of carotid territory stroke may suffer from dizziness or imbalance and present signs of compromised eye motility and vestibular function.